The Oxford Companion to British History. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. [S37] #93 [Book version] The Dictionary of National Biography: from the Earliest Times to 1900 (1885-1900, reprint 1993), Stephen, Leslie, (22 volumes. 1726. ., La Chesnaye-Desbois, Franois Alexandre Aubert de, (3rd edition. He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. Each of the brothers wanted more power than the other. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical p. - John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. She was burned for witchcraft in 1431 the French king who owed her his crown didnt lift a finger to help her. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. Pronunciation of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford with and more for John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Upon the death of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father's duchy of Lancaster. His demise further weakened the stability of the English court where opposing and increasingly vociferous factions now had no one sufficiently intimidating to hold them in check. Brandon managed a spectacular career from modest beginnings. Unfortunately, John of Lancaster had moved her to Rouen where he executed her. Original file (SVG file, nominally 410 478 pixels, file size: 806 KB). Father of Infant; N.N. Half brother of Edmund Labourde, "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. 11 p. 834. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). 3). Georgette Heyer wrote the book My Lord John about him from when he was four to about twenty. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign of his nephew, Henry VI. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford - definition of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford by The Free Dictionary He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I. Geni requires JavaScript! She went on to have sixteen children and the knight became the first Earl Rivers for his services to Henry VI and his queen Margaret of Anjou. Appears in: Henry IV, Part 1; Henry IV, Part 2; Henry V; Henry VI, Part 1. When John's eldest brother Henry was crowned as Henry V in 1413, John was given a number of important responsibilities and was awarded several titles, most importantly, the Duchy of Bedford. John died during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. Bolingbroke was crowned King of England, as Henry IV, on 13 October 1399. Contents 1 Life account 2 Family 3 Succession 4 In literature 5 Titles, styles, honours and arms 5.1 Arms 6 Ancestry 7 References He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. 29 p. 427-435. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Ms Add 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. About John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI." preface lxiv. . "Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses", pp. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1999), FHL book 973 D2fp., p. 205 LANCASTER:10.iv. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sodacan, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported, Jan van Lancaster, 1ste Hertog van Bedford, Obansk vlka mezi Armagnaky a Burgunany, , Liste des hritiers du trne d'Angleterre, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford.svg. John , duke of Bedford (13891435), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Oct 2007 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14844, accessed 1 Nov 2009]document.write(printCitationDate()). 16567. Learn how your comment data is processed. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford Born: June 20, 1389 Died: September 14, 1435 Rouen, France (Age 46) John in History John of Lancaster was born the third son of Henry Bolingbroke, eldest son and heir of John of Gaunt, third surviving son of King Edward III. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Yolandes grandson became Louis VII of France and her grand-daughter was Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of Henry VI of England whose mother Catherine of Valois was Charless sister. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (miniature from Bedford Hours) Born 20 June 1389 Died 14 September 1435 (aged 46) Castle of 'Joyeux Repos', Rouen: Burial Rouen Cathedral, Normandy: Spouse Anne of Burgundy m. 1423; dec. 1432 Jacquetta of Luxembourg m. 1433; wid. He founded the University of Caen and had a collection of important religious manuscripts, many of which survive today including The Bedford Hours which is held by the British Library. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). A daughter of Charles VI of France, she was married to Henry V of England and gave birth to his heir Henry VI of England.Catherine's marriage was part of a plan to eventually place Henry V on the throne of France, and perhaps end what is now known as the Hundred Years' War . This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford or John of Lancaster (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) of the House of Lancaster An English nobleman of the House of Lancaster was the third son of Henry IV of England and Mary of Beauchamp, brother of Henry V of England and uncle of Henry VI of England. The following pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed): (SVG file, nominally 410 478 pixels, file size: 806 KB). Duke of Bedford. (Henry IVs parents were John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster while Henry Beauforts parents were John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford). Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window). [S347] Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-century Colonists: the Descent from the Later Plantagenet Kings of England, Henry III, Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III, of Emigrants from England and Wales to the North American Colonies Before 1701 (2nd ed., 1999), Faris, David, (2nd edition. Two months after the death of Henry V, Charles VI passed away. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War.Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422 and 1432, where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. 17294), both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 142023, which is English (British Library Add MS 42131). He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. ." Between 1403 and 1405 grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. Bedford defeated the French several times, most notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20 [S2] Peter W. Hammond, editor, The Complete Peerage or a History of the House of Lords and All its Members From the Earliest Times, Volume XIV: Addenda & Corrigenda (Stroud, Gloucestershire, U.K.: Sutton Publishing, 1998), page 79. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. 1 pt. 1 p. 240, vol. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. 1389-1435. He became the guardian of Henry's infant son Henry VI and became regent on his behalf. His brother, Henry V, led a campaign against France in 1415. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. . The Bretons were so moved by the impoverished state of Jeans son Jean II that Nicole de Chtillon-Blois married him on 18 June 1437, bringing a large dowry that was vastly supplemented when she inherited the fabulously wealthy County of Penthievre in Brittany. His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. [S6] G.E. All are lavishly decorated and are good examples of the style of the period. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families. William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, 6. [2] He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V.[3][4]. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. The Lady of the Rivers (The Plantagenet and Tudor Novels, #1), My Lord of Bedford, 1389 - 1435: Being the Life of John of Lancaster, First Duke of Bedford, Brother of Henry V and Regent of France, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, Thomas de Courtenay, 5th/13th Earl of Devon, Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, Sir Richard Vernon, 8th Baron of Shipbrook, Richard le Scrope, Bishop of Lichfield and Archbishop of York, Thomas Fitzalan, 5th Earl of Arundel, 10th Earl of Surrey, Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, Vernon of the Yorkist (White Rose) Faction, Basset of the Lancastrian (Red Rose) faction, General of the French Garrison at Bordeaux. Between 1403 and 1405, grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), FHL film 1553977-1553985.. [S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. The country was uniting behind their king and English allies in France were gradually deserting the English cause. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. The last impression one is given of Bedford by Shakespeare is a fairly positive one: he is a loyal servant of the crown who gave his life for his king, cause and country. He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. . John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. Yolande was a strong early supporter of Joan of Arc, arranged Arthurs appointment as Constable of France, and deployed a female spy ring in Lorraine, Burgundy, Brittany and Charless court. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume II, pages 70,72. [2] He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V.[3][4]. Family History Department. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. He continued to build up his influence and position in government throughout the remainder of his father's reign. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. [S712] #1039 Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families: with Their Collateral Branches in Denbighshire, Merionethshire (1914), Griffith, John Edwards, (Horncastle, England: W.K. Other resolutions: 206 240 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 878 1,024 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels. [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. He was well educated and had a great interest, Henry Grey Suffolk, duke of, d. 1554, English nobleman. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. There was also the small matter of Humphrey antagonizing the next most important man in the kingdom during Henry VIs minority Henry Beaufort who was the Bishop of Lincoln, a key figure on the regency council and the half-uncle of Henry IVs children. John, as well as being a soldier and a politician, was also a scholar. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. 17294), which were both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 1420-23, which is English (BL Ms Add 42131). Contents 1 Life account 2 In literature 3 Titles, styles, honours and arms 3.1 Arms 4 Ancestry 5 References 9 volumes. Bedford defeated the French several times, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. 3 p. 726. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Historically, John was only fourteen at the time of the battle, but, considering that boys were put into battle at relatively young ages, it is possible that he may have at least been on the battlefield. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), pages 123-124. Between 1403 and 1405, grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. So when the Yorkists looked down their nose at Elizabeth Woodville, Jacquettas daughter and King Edward IVs wife, they were forgetting that she was the grand-daughter of a Count and that her mother had once been at the heart of the royal court albeit a Lancastrian one. 2 p. 63-64. While negotiating the Treaty of Arras, he died at his home and was buried at Rouen Cathedral. He had no legitimate surviving issue.[5]. After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. In, Norfolk, Thomas Mowbray, 1st duke of (136699). He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. Relevance. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Johns time in France had been successful the French might not have been his greatest admirers given his severe administration techniques- until about 1427 at which point a quiet country girl with a dodgy hair cut, a large sword and angels telling her what to do rather rained on his parade. (Incidentally, Coco Chanel was born in Saumur.). Bedford was not as capable as his eldest brother Henry, but he was certainly an excellent commander and politician. 2nd edition, 2011), vol. [S7] #44 Histoire de la maison royale de France anciens barons du royaume: et des grands officiers de la couronne (1726, reprint 1967-1968), Saint-Marie, Anselme de, (3rd edition. [citation needed], There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham[11] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. Find John Of Lancaster 1st Duke Of Bedford stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. Son of Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun, Countess of Derby Bedford achieved a significant victory in 1424 at Verneuil against a large French and Scottish force. He had no legitimate surviving issue. Her name was Joan of Arc. Prince John first appears in 1 Henry IV where he fights for his father at the Battle of Shrewsbury. In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. How to say John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford in English? [9], In the Bedford Book of Hours,[10] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold "wood stocks" (cut tree stumps with roots), a heraldic badge of King Edward III, referring to Woodstock Palace. Not that this stopped Humphrey from dabbling in politics in an attempt to destabilize Johns alliances with other European magnates. Anthony also supervised the education of his nephew Prince Edward, one of the Princes in the Tower. London: Constable and Co., 1910-1911), FHL microfilm 88,003., vol. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from December 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. She caused a scandal after Johns death by marrying a mere knight called Richard Woodville. File:Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg. . Definitions of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, synonyms, antonyms, derivatives of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, analogical dictionary of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (English) In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. The king renewed the Hundred Years War with France in 1415 and Bedford played a large part in the proceedings in support of his brother.